4.3.7 Human Rights and Sharia in the State System
According to Professor Abdullahi An-Na'im, freedom of religion is central to piety as a Muslim. (Daniel Arrhakis/"Doa Untuk Indonesia")
4.3.4 Guest Citizenship in Aceh
The Indonesian province of Aceh has implemented an interpretation of Sharia since 2001, providing an example on the possible effects on other religious groups when Sharia-based laws are applied by a state. (Vidi Agiorno/"Aceh Great Mosque")
4.3.6 The Cairo Declaration and Human Rights
Is the Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam compatible with the dominant international human rights regime?(Khamenei.ir/"OIC Summit")
4.3.5 International Human Rights and Islam
"What does it mean to be human, and how should humans be treated? These existential questions constitute the backbone and purpose of many communities and traditions." (UN/"Human Rights Council")
4.3.3 Where Islam and Nationalism Collide
Can Islam play a role in moving us beyond nationalism? (Clark & Kim Kays/"Bombed building")
4.3.2 Identity and Pluralism in the Nation State
The creation of the nation state—and of "minorities"—has resulted in a range of responses to pluralism. (India/"Refugee Train")
4.3.1 Introduction to the Modern State
The legitimate use of force within an established territory is a central component of the modern state. States are a recent innovation--and other forms of political organization are possible. (William Shepherd/"Italian Unification")
